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are going to be required to do this thing—to build tech that rejects surveillance and centralized control—whose
necessity is now obvious to everyone.
}
\chaptertitle{Introduction}
All Cops Are Bastards, or ACAB is a slogan popular in far left and anarchist circles since the mid-twentieth century
that expresses a rejection of state authority~\cite{constantinouAppliedResearchPolicing2021}. While politically, this
blanket rejection is a fringe viewpoint with no mainstream acceptance, there exists a strange parallel between this and
modern cryptographic best practice. In modern cryptography, it is generally seen as best practice to have the least
amount of keys possible involved in any computation, and cryptographers have time and time again strongly rejected
attempts by states and other authorities to insert backdoor access mechanisms into cryptographic systems.
%In cryptography, Kerckhoffs' principle, named after Dutch military cryptographer Auguste Kerckhoffs, expresses that
%In the early days of mass-market computing, the expectations towards this new tool were high. Even before people
%realized the potential of computers and the internet for commercial gain, there was widespread optimism about the
%potential of globally networked computing to liberate ideas and better humanity. People imagined a future where any
%information would be available at a mere thought, where cultural and language barriers were eroded by technological
%advances, and where technology served as a universal equalizer, narrowing socioeconomic gaps and enhancing the quality
%of life for everybody.
%
%Needless to say, things did not turn out that way. After initially, home computers and the internet were briefly the
%domain of a particular brand of free-spirited enthusiast, it did not take long until the domain was captured by
%commercial interests. The dotcom bubble inflated and burst, and the introduction of smartphones catalyzed the rise of
%the social web, bringing computing to the masses. While by itself the democratization and the widespread adoption of
%computing is a good thing, the capitalist environment caused it to coincide with an overal drift of the industry away
%from the libertarian principles that were characteristic for its beginning.
%
%Specifically, throughout the past thirty years, computing ecosystems have continued a gradual evolution into walled
%gardens, primarily serving not their users anymore, but the interests of whoever owns the place that hired the place
%that made them. While in the 90ies, owning a computer meant you would be able to run any piece of software on it,
%today's platform business model means that every program requires prior approval by the platform's owners. The publicly
%stated motivation for this gradual creep invariably is security or protection from harm by bad people writing software,
%while the actual motivation is without doubt the tremendous monetary gain an operator can obtain by seeking rent for its
%platform.
%
%The platformization of computing has captured all levels of the industry, from backend systems running on hyperscale
%cloud platforms, through desktop computers running only vendor-approved operating systems through secure boot chains, up
%to low-cost smartphones containing highly secure enclaves tasked with the protection of Digital Restrictions Management
%(DRM) keys aimed at stopping the user from copying media played back on the device. Increasingly, this trend towards
%platform owners having the ultimate authority on users's computers is becoming a practical issue in high-risk settings.
% Cypherpunks
\section{Centralized Authority}
% ACAB is a anti-authoritarian sentiment
% In anarchist discourse, "cops" are not just policemen and -women, but also other means of centralized control.

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file = {/home/jaseg/Sync/Research/Zotero/Cominelli et al_2020_Even Black Cats Cannot Stay Hidden in the Dark.pdf}
}
@book{constantinouAppliedResearchPolicing2021,
title = {Applied {{Research}} on {{Policing}} for {{Police}}: {{The}} Case of {{Cyprus}}},
shorttitle = {Applied {{Research}} on {{Policing}} for {{Police}}},
author = {Constantinou, Angelo G.},
date = {2021},
series = {{{SpringerBriefs}} in {{Criminology}}},
publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
location = {Cham},
doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-76377-0},
url = {https://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-030-76377-0},
urldate = {2025-08-15},
isbn = {978-3-030-76376-3 978-3-030-76377-0},
langid = {english}
}
@online{CorningSMF28Ultra2024,
title = {Corning {{SMF-28 Ultra Optical Fiber Product Information Sheet}}},
date = {2024-02},