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Clean up latex errors, fix biblatex numbering

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jaseg 2025-09-11 14:23:28 +02:00
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12
chapter-hsms/chapter.tex
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@ -121,13 +121,13 @@ mesh implementations as a means to prevent copying of their designs~\cite{
heitmannTamperBarrierElectronic2005,
clarkTamperDetectionSystem2005,
heitmannMethodMakingTamper2009,
perreaultSystemMethodInstalling2005
perreaultSystemMethodInstalling2005,
}. The basic principle of modern tamper-sensing meshes of preventing intrusion by force through embedding a looped
conductor to cover a surface traces back as far as at least 1870~\cite{
ImprovementProtectingSafes1870,
ImprovementElectromagneticEnvelopes1870}, when it was applied to the protection of bank vaults from robbers
attempting to dig, drill and saw through the vault's floor and walls. Even multi-layer, orthogonal tamper-sensing meshes
are documented as far back as 1902~\ref{suttonElectricallyprotectedStructure1902}. Using printed circuits instead of
are documented as far back as 1902~\cite{suttonElectricallyprotectedStructure1902}. Using printed circuits instead of
wires for this purpose occurs in literature as soon as printed circuit technology finds widespread commercial adoption
in the 1960ies~\cite{hamPrintedcircuitTypeSecurity1971}. The history of more HSM-like devices begins in the 1990ies with
the widespread adoption of cryptography in commercial applications~\cite{
@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ the widespread adoption of cryptography in commercial applications~\cite{
cookTamperDetectionCircuit2020,
brodskyCircuitLayoutsTamperrespondent2018,
cobianuLargeAreaDistributed2008,
phamAntitamperMesh2011
phamAntitamperMesh2011,
} when instead of protecting an entire device it became feasible to create a protected cryptographic coprocessor.
\subsection{Tamper-sensing Mesh Manufacturing}
@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ reference resistor, or using a wheatstone bridge. Using a bridge circuit was alr
implementations~\cite{
ElektrischeSicherheitseinrichtungSchutze1932,
hamPrintedcircuitTypeSecurity1971,
dalphinEnceinteProtegeeAvec1987
dalphinEnceinteProtegeeAvec1987,
} and makes it possible to detect small changes in the mesh's resistance with little complexity.
% TODO US7345497B2 uses balanced transmission lines / fast pulses
@ -421,7 +421,7 @@ structure size, which limits the possible angles an attack tool could be inserte
\end{figure}
Regular Printed Circuit Boards are frequently used to implement tamper-sensing meshes as shown in
Figure~\ref{hsm_fic_materials_pcb_rigid}. PCB production is a highly advanced, large-scale industry and PCBs are
Figure~\ref{hsm_fig_materials_pcb_rigid}. PCB production is a highly advanced, large-scale industry and PCBs are
inexpensive, commodity products. PCBs can be manufactured with many layers, at almost arbitrary total thickness, and
offer small structure sizes enabling the creation of fine features down to approximately \qty{100}{\micro\meter} even on
commodity processes. The primary disadvantage of using PCBs to implement tamper-sensing meshes is that PCBs are
@ -531,7 +531,7 @@ Figure~\ref{hsm_fig_connector_stack}, a land pattern for an elastomeric connecto
Elastomeric connectors are elegant and allow for multiple contacts to be made in a small area using a single elastomeric
connector strip, but they are not off-the-shelf components and are always custom made to order. We found several
instances where other, off-the-shelf technologies were used instead to create a pressure-sensitive connection.
Figure~\ref{fig_hsm_connector_gasket} shows a connection made using conductive gaskets intended for creating gapless
Figure~\ref{hsm_fig_connector_gasket} shows a connection made using conductive gaskets intended for creating gapless
connections between PCBs and enclosures to shield Electromagnetic Emissions (EMI). Unlike elastomeric connectors, they
are not anisotropic and thus they must be cut into pieces to maintain isolation between adjacent pads. This results in a
much larger contact pitch compared to other solutions.