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*.aux
*.bbl
*.bcf
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*.run.xml
version.tex

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SHELL := bash
.ONESHELL:
.SHELLFLAGS := -eu -o pipefail -c
.DELETE_ON_ERROR:
MAKEFLAGS += --warn-undefined-variables
MAKEFLAGS += --no-builtin-rules
main_tex ?= paper
VERSION_STRING := $(shell git describe --tags --long --dirty)
all: ${main_tex}.pdf
%.pdf: %.tex paper.bib version.tex
pdflatex -shell-escape $<
biber $*
pdflatex -shell-escape $<
version.tex: ${main_tex}.tex paper.bib
echo "${VERSION_STRING}" > $@
.PHONY: clean
clean:
rm -f ${main_tex}.aux ${main_tex}.bbl ${main_tex}.bcf ${main_tex}.log ${main_tex}.blg
rm -f ${main_tex}.out ${main_tex}.run.xml texput.log

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\documentclass{llncs}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage[
backend=biber,
style=lncs,
natbib=true,
url=false,
doi=true,
eprint=false
]{biblatex}
\addbibresource{paper.bib}
\usepackage{amssymb,amsmath}
\usepackage{eurosym}
\usepackage{wasysym}
\usepackage[binary-units]{siunitx}
\usepackage{commath}
\usepackage{graphicx,color}
\usepackage{colortbl}
\usepackage{subcaption}
\usepackage{placeins}
\usepackage{array}
\usepackage{censor}
\usepackage{hyperref}
\usepackage{makecell}
\DeclareSIUnit{\baud}{Bd}
\DeclareSIUnit{\year}{a}
\DeclareSIUnit{\rpm}{rpm}
\renewcommand{\floatpagefraction}{.8}
\newcommand{\degree}{\ensuremath{^\circ}}
\newcolumntype{P}[1]{>{\centering\arraybackslash}p{#1}}
\newcommand{\partno}[1]{\textsf{\small#1}}
\newcommand{\price}[2]{#1 #2}
\newcommand{\todo}[1]{\textbf{TODO}\footnote{#1}}
\begin{document}
\author{Jan Sebastian Götte\inst{1} \and Björn Scheuermann\inst{2}}
\institute{Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany, \email{research@jaseg.de}\and
Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany, \email{bjoern.scheuermann@kom.tu-darmstadt.de}}
\title{WIP: Optical Passthrough for a Quantum Key Distribution Relay in a Inertial Hardware Security Module}
\maketitle
\keywords{Physical Security\and Hardware Security Module
(HSM)\and Inertial Hardware Security Module (IHSM)\and Quantum Key Distribution}
\begin{abstract}
Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is a promising technology for the establishment of shared secret keys at a distance
that relies on quantum physical laws of nature instead of cryptographic computational assumptions. Currently, a
severe trade-off between bit rate and distance limits practical applications of QKD to distances of several hundred
kilometers and less since physically, QKD signals cannot be amplified. Although in theory, QKD signals can be
repeated to extend their reach, such repeaters require powerful quantum computing primitives and no practical
implementations exist yet. Current practice for long-range QKD networks use physically trusted repeater stations
that convert QKD signals to (insecure) classical signals and back.
In this paper, we outline an application of the IHSM approach first proposed by \textcite{gotteCantTouchThis2022}
to QKD that bootstraps a physically secure repeater node. At the core of our proposal is an optical passthrough
connecting multiple optical fibers from the payload through the mesh to the outside world. Our design is both
low-cost and scalable.
\end{abstract}
\section{Introduction}
\section{QKD fundamentals}
\section{Range in QKD}
\subsection{Loss in optical fibers}
\subsection{QKD in space}
\subsection{MDI-QKD}
\subsection{Relaying}
\section{Inertial Hardware Security Modules}
\section{Related Work}
\section{QKD in an IHSM}
\subsection{Technical requirements of a QKD node}
\subsection{IHSM dimensioning}
\section{An IHSM Optical Passthrough}
\subsection{Planar disc case}
\subsection{Interlocking shells}
\subsection{Meshing gear shells}
\section{Security analysis}
\subsection{Attacks on the IHSM mesh}
\subsection{Contactless attacks on the payload}
\subsection{Mechanical attacks on the payload}
\section{Outlook}
\subsection{Achievable security guarantees}
\subsection{Network implementation}
\subsection{Device Longevity}
\subsection{Trust bootstrapping}
\section{Conclusion}
\begin{credits}
This is version \texttt{\input{version.tex}\unskip} of this paper, generated on \today. The git repository with the
\LaTeX source for this paper, all hardware design files, and firmware and analysis source code can be found at:
\center{Note: URL elided for peer review}
% \center{\url{https://git.jaseg.de/ihsm-sampling-mesh-monitor-hw.git}}
\end{credits}
\printbibliography[heading=bibintoc]
\end{document}

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